前言
图片是最常见的静态资源文件,可以从本地、外链获取图片,或者使用base64码展示。而canvas的toDataUrl() API可以将图片转base64码,然后模拟点击事件即可下载图片。
外链下载
在本地或者网站下载外链url图片时涉及到跨域,跨域会暴露自己的隐私,浏览器对跨域请求进行了限制,故需要设置crossOrigin为anonymous来允许跨域,浏览器会为这张图片的请求头附带Origin信息,告诉静态资源服务器,请在响应头中附带Access-Control-Allow-Methods、Access-Control-Allow-Origin,以便浏览器放行。
代码示例如下
eventEmitter.js
/*
* 事件触发器
* @Author: wujiang
* @Date: 2018-11-11 22:50:43
* @Last Modified by: wujiang
* @Last Modified time: 2018-11-11 23:39:40
*/
const EventEmitter = require('events')
class MyEmitter extends EventEmitter {}
const myEmitter = new MyEmitter()
export default myEmitter
backend.js
import eventEmitter from './common/eventEmitter'
// 图片下载对象
let downloadedImg = null
// 待下载文件名
let fileName = null
// 监听是否获取图片地址
eventEmitter.addListener('getHref', href => {
imatateDownloadByA(href, fileName)
})
/**
* base64下载图片(可跨域)
* @param {*} img
* @param {String} filename 文件名
*/
function downloadImg (imgUrl, filename) {
fileName = filename
startDownloadImg(imgUrl, getImgDataUrl)
}
/**
* 开始下载图片之前
* @param {String} imgUrl
* @param {Function} callback
*/
function startDownloadImg (imgUrl, callback) {
let imageURL = imgUrl
downloadedImg = new Image()
downloadedImg.crossOrigin = 'Anonymous'
downloadedImg.src = imageURL
downloadedImg.addEventListener('load', callback, false)
}
/**
* 获取图片下载base64字符串
* @param {DOMimg} domimg
*/
function getImgDataUrl () {
const canvas = document.createElement('canvas')
const context = canvas.getContext('2d')
const width = downloadedImg.width || downloadedImg.naturalWidth
const height = downloadedImg.height || downloadedImg.naturalHeight
const imgSrc = downloadedImg.src
let type = imgSrc.substring(imgSrc.lastIndexOf('.') + 1)
let dtype = type === 'jpg' ? 'jpeg' : 'png'
canvas.width = width
canvas.height = height
context.drawImage(downloadedImg, 0, 0)
eventEmitter.emit('getHref', canvas.toDataURL(`image/${dtype}`))
}
/**
* 通过a标签模拟下载
* @param {String} href
* @param {String} filename
*/
function imatateDownloadByA (href, filename) {
const a = document.createElement('a')
a.download = filename
a.style.display = 'none'
a.href = href
document.body.appendChild(a)
a.click()
a.remove()
window.URL.revokeObjectURL(href)
}
downloadImg('https://img.alicdn.com/imgextra/i2/54199406/O1CN012JLzreAxzn1xhNP_!!54199406.jpg', '测试')
注意
若有跨域的错误提示出现,则需后台服务器进行跨域设置。